Namun pola isi pulsa elektronik ini pun akan telah berubah lebih moder, setelah PT. DFI melalui DBS mulai memperkenalkan cara isi pulsa yang lebih praktis dan lebih menguntungkan kepada masyarakat Indonesia.

Cara yang ditawarkan DBS adalah isi ulang pulsa dari HP anda sendiri melalui SMS baik isi ke diri sendiri ataupun ke orang lain online 24 jam lintas operator. Dengan cara ini masyarakat akan semakin dimudahkan dan diuntungkan karena isi pulsa tidak perlu lagi keluar biaya, pergi ke konter/ATM, kapanpun dan dimanapun.

Berbagai macam fasilitas komunikasi canggih dapat anda nikmati pula jika isi pulsa di DBS. Satu lagi nilai lebih yang tidak akan dapatkan selain isi pulsa di DBS, yaitu sebuah peluang bisnis yang sangat luar biasa

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Piloted remotely or autonomously, UAVs have long provided extra “eyes in the sky” especially for missions that are too dangerous for manned aircraft. This latest technology is showcased by Ion Tiger, a UAV research program at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) that merges two separate efforts — UAV technology and fuel cell systems.

In particular, the Ion Tiger UAV tests a hydrogen-powered fuel cell design, which can travel farther and carry heavier payloads than earlier battery-powered designs. Ion Tiger employs stealthy characteristics due to its small size, reduced noise, low heat signature and zero emissions.

This photo shows the Ion Tiger

“Pursuing energy efficiency and energy independence are core to ONR’s Power and Energy Focus Area,” said Rear Admiral Nevin Carr, Chief of Naval Research. “ONR’s investments in alternative energy sources, like fuel cell research, have application to the Navy and Marine Corps mission in future UAVs and vehicles. These investments also contribute directly to solving some of the same technology challenges faced at the national level.”

Fuel cells create an electrical current when they convert hydrogen and oxygen into water and are pollution-free. A fuel cell propulsion system can also deliver potentially twice the efficiency of an internal combustion engine — while running more quietly and with greater endurance.

“In this size range, we are hopefully able to conduct very productive surveillance missions at low cost with a relatively small vehicle, and a high-quality electric payload,” says NRL Principal Investigator Dr. Karen Swider-Lyons.

This spring, Ion Tiger’s flight trial is expected to exceed the duration of previous flights seven-fold.

“This will really be a ‘first of its kind’ demonstration for a fuel cell system in a UAV application for a 24-hour endurance flight, with a 5 pound payload,” says ONR Program Manager Dr. Michele Anderson. “That’s something nobody can do right now.”

In 2005, NRL backed initial research in fuel cell technologies for UAVs. Today, says Swider-Lyons, it’s paying off with a few lessons learned from the automotive industry.

“With UAVs, we are dealing with relatively small fuel cells of 500 watts,” she explains. “It is hard to get custom, high-quality fuel cell membranes built just for this program. So we are riding along with this push for technology from the automotive industry.”

“What’s different with fuel cell cars is that developers are focused on volume…so they want everything very compact,” adds Swider-Lyons. “Our first issue is weight, our second issue is weight and our third issue is weight!”

Besides delivering energy savings and increased power potential, fuel cell technology spans the operational spectrum from ground vehicles to UAVs, to man-portable power generation for Marine expeditionary missions to meeting power needs afloat. In fact, it’s technology that Marines at Camp Pendleton are using today to power their General Motors fuel cell vehicles.

Across the board, the Navy and Marine Corps are seeking more efficient sources of energy. ONR has been researching and testing power and energy technology for decades. Often the improvements to power generation and fuel efficiency for ships, aircraft, vehicles and installations yield a direct benefit to the public.

“ONR has been a visionary in terms of providing support for this program,” says Swider-Lyons.

Other Ion Tiger partners include Protonex Technology Corporation and the University of Hawaii. NRL’s work on UAVs also leverages funding from the Office of the Secretary of Defense.

Adapted from materials provided by Naval Research Laboratory.

The new error-suppression method was demonstrated using an array of about 1,000 ultracold beryllium ions (electrically charged atoms) trapped by electric and magnetic fields. Each ion can act as a quantum bit (qubit) for storing information in a quantum computer. These ions form neatly ordered crystals, similar to arrays of qubits being fabricated by other researchers using semiconducting and superconducting circuitry. Arrays like this potentially could be used as multi-bit quantum memories.
The new NIST technique counteracts a major threat to the reliability of quantum memories: the potential for small disturbances, such as stray electric or magnetic fields, to create random errors in the qubits. The NIST team applied customized sequences of microwave pulses to reverse the accumulation of such random errors in all qubits simultaneously.

“Simulations show that under appropriate conditions this method can reduce the error rate in quantum computing systems up to a hundred times more than comparable techniques. Our measurement results validate these predictions,” says Hermann Uys, a NIST guest researcher who is a lead author of the paper. Uys is visiting from the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa.

Co-lead author Michael J. Biercuk, a NIST post-doc, notes that correcting qubit errors after they occur will require extraordinary resources, whereas early suppression of errors is far more efficient, and improves the performance of subsequent error correction. The new NIST error-suppression method could enable quantum computers of various designs to achieve error rates far below the so-called fault-tolerance threshold of about 1 error in 10,000 computational operations (0.01 percent), Biercuk says. If error rates can be reduced below this level, building a useful quantum computer becomes considerably more realistic.

Under certain conditions, trapped beryllium ions form a hexagonal single-plane crystal. This crystal consists of about 300 ions that are spaced about 10 micrometers apart and are fluorescing (scattering laser light). An array of ions such as this might be used as a memory device in a quantum computer. (Credit: NIST)

Quantum computers, by relying on the unusual properties of the atomic-scale world to store and process data, could someday break commonly used encryption codes, perform faster searches of enormous databases, and determine the most efficient schedules for everything from airlines to traveling salespeople. They could also simulate complex quantum systems that are too difficult to study using today’s computers or through direct experiments. But first, practical quantum computers need to be built, and their components need to be reliable.

Unlike today’s computers, which use transistors that are switched on or off to represent bit values of 1 or 0, quantum computers would manipulate the properties of qubits to represent 1 or 0 or-thanks to the peculiarities of the quantum world-both at the same time. But these “quantum states” are so delicate that qubit values would be highly susceptible to errors caused by the slightest electronic noise.

Under ideal conditions, and in the absence of deliberate manipulations, ion qubit states evolve in a predictable way, similar to a spinning top tipped from its vertical axis. Environmental interference can lead to a buildup of error, but the new NIST pulse method can reverse this accumulation, thus preserving the original state.

The NIST method is an adaptation of “spin echo” techniques used for decades to suppress errors in nuclear magnetic resonance (the basis of magnetic resonance imaging). In spin echo, evenly spaced control pulses will nearly reverse the buildup of error, as long as fluctuations are slow relative to the time between pulses.

Recently, scientists at another institution published a theory of how to modify pulse timing in order to improve noise suppression. The NIST team conducted the first experimental demonstration of this theory, and then extended these ideas by generating novel pulse sequences tailored to the ambient noise environment. These novel sequences can be found quickly through an experimental feedback technique, and were shown to significantly outperform other sequences without the need for any knowledge of the noise characteristics. The researchers tested these pulse sequences under realistic noise conditions simulating those appropriate for different qubit technologies, making their results broadly applicable.

The research was conducted in the laboratory of NIST physicist John J. Bollinger, the project lead, and funded in part by the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Agency.

The type of work they do has changed over the years. It used to be simple mechanical repair. Today it is a high technology job. Cars and trucks today are run by electronic systems and computers. The computers tell the automotive service technicians and mechanics how well the car or truck is performing. To do their job, technicians must know a lot about how complex parts of the car and truck work together. They must be able to work with electronic equipment that tells them what is wrong. They must be able to read and understand manuals that are computer-based. At the same time they must be able to use tools they have used in the past.

About half of all automotive service technicians work a 40-hour week. Almost 30 percent work more than 40 hours a week. Many who put in long hours work for themselves. Some service shops are open in the evenings and on weekends.

Most service technicians work indoors in repair shops. Many times technicians must work with dirty and greasy parts. They often lift heavy parts and tools. Minor cuts, burns, and bruises are common. Technicians usually avoid serious accidents when the shop is kept clean and in order. It is also important that they follow safety practices.

Automotive technology is becoming more complex. Persons who want to enter this field should get formal training. You can get this training either in high school or in a vocational school. Some people still learn this trade from helping and learning from experienced workers.

Training programs usually use both classroom instruction and hands-on practice. In some technical and trade schools this training lasts 6 months to a year. In community colleges this training usually lasts 2 years. In addition to automotive training, it also includes other classes like math, English, and computers. When students finish this type of training they get an associate degree or certificate.

Automakers and some car dealers sponsor 2-year programs for students to enter after high school. This leads to an associate degree. Students in these programs usually spend 6 to 12 weeks going to class full time. Then they spend the same number of weeks working for a dealer. While there, they work with someone with lots of experience.

Employers look for people with strong communication and analytical skills for trainee jobs. Technicians also need good reading, math, and computer skills. They must study technical manuals and keep up with the latest in the field. Trainees also must have mechanical skills and know how cars work.

The middle half of all automotive service technicians earned between $10.61 and $19.84 per hour. The lowest-paid 10 percent earned less than $8.14. The highest-paid 10 percent earned more than $25.21.

Many experienced technicians who work for car dealers and repair shops are paid a commission. The amount they earn depends on the labor cost paid by the customer. In this case, earnings per week depend upon the amount of work completed. Some automotive service technicians are members of labor unions.

Automotive service technicians and mechanics held about 818,000 jobs in 2002. Most worked in car repair shops, for car dealers, or for places that sell car parts and supplies. Others worked in gas stations, home and auto supply stores, and for companies that rent cars. Still others worked for the government and other organizations. About 16 percent worked for themselves.

Job opportunities are expected to be very good for persons who complete a training program. Persons who are good at figuring out problems should have the best chances. Their training should include basic electronics skills. Persons without formal automotive training will likely have to compete for entry-level jobs.

Employment in this field should increase about as fast as the average through the year 2012. There will be many openings in this field as experienced technicians move to other jobs or retire. Most people who enter this field can expect steady work. This is because changes in economic conditions and in other industries have little effect on the amount of work.

• Automotive body and related repairers
• Diesel service technicians and mechanics
• Small engine mechanics
  
  Source: Occupational Outlook Handbook — U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics

Desibel (dB) digunakan untuk mengukur level suara, tetapi secara luas juga digunakan di elektronik, sinyal dan telekomunikasi. dB adalah bagian logaritma yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu perbandingan. Perbandingan mungkin power, tekanan suara, tegangan, atau intensitas atau beberapa sesuatu yang lain. Terakhir kita menghubungkan dB dengan phon dan sone (bagian lain yang berhubungan dengan kebisingan). Tetapi yang pertama, untuk mendapatkan hasil bagian logaritma, lihat beberapa nomor.

Misalnya, seumpama kita mempunyai dua loudspeaker, yang pertama mainkan suara dengan power P₁, permainan yang lain suatu suara yang lebih keras dengan power P₂, tetapi sesuatu yang lain (bagaimana jarak, frekwensi) dijaga sama.

Perbedaan dalam desibel antara keduanya didefinisikan menjadi

10 log (P₂/P₁) dB dimana log berbasis 10

Jika yang kedua menghasilkan dua kali selama power besar daripada yang pertama, perbedaan dalam dB adalah:

10 log (P₂/P₁) = 10 log 2 = 3 dB

Jika yang kedua mempunyai 10 kali power yang pertama, perbedaan dalam dB akan menjadi

10 log (P₂/P₁) = 10 log 10 = 10 dB

Jika yang kedua mempunyai satu juta kali power yang pertama, perbedaan dalam dB akan menjadi

10 log (P₂/P₁) = 10 log 1000000 = 60 dB

Contoh ini menunjukkan satu keistimewaan sekala desibel yang berguna dalam pembahasan suara: mereka dapat menjelaskan rasio yang sangat besar menggunakan angka dalam berbagai bentuk ukuran. Tetapi dengan catatan bahwa desibel menjelaskan rasio : jadi seberapa jauh kita tidak mengatakan apakah power dari speaker yang lain memancarkan. (Catatan juga faktor 10 dalam definisi yang mana meletakkan ‘desi’ dalam desibel).

Portable electric generators offer great benefits when outages affect your

home. Below are guidelines for safely connecting and operating portable

generators.

Portable generator

Don’t connect your generator directly to your home’s wiring.

Connecting a portable electric generator directly to your household

wiring can be deadly to you and others. A generator that is directly

connected to your home’s wiring can ‘back feed’ onto the power

lines connected to your home.

Utility transformers can then “step-up” or increase this back feed to thousands of volts—enough to kill a

utility lineman making outage repairs a long way from your house. You could also cause expensive

damage to utility equipment and your generator. The only safe way to connect a portable electric

generator to your existing wiring is to have a licensed electrical contractor install a transfer switch. The

transfer switch transfers power from the utility power lines to the power coming from your generator.

Never plug a portable electric generator into a regular household outlet.

Plugging a generator into a regular household outlet can energize “dead” power lines and injure neighbors

or utility workers. Connect individual appliances that have their outdoor-rated power cords directly to the

receptacle outlet of the generator, or connect these cord-connected appliances to the generator with the

appropriate outdoor-rated power cord having a sufficient wire gauge to handle the electrical load.

Don’t overload the generator.

Do not operate more appliances and equipment than the output rating of the generator. Overloading your

generator can seriously damage your valuable appliances and electronics. Prioritize your needs. A portable electric generator should be used only when necessary, and only to power essential equipment.

Never use a generator indoors or in an attached garage.

Just like your automobile, a portable generator uses an internal combustion engine that emits deadly

carbon monoxide. Be sure to place the generator where exhaust fumes will not enter the house. Only

operate it outdoors in a well-ventilated, dry area, away from air intakes to the home, and protected from

direct exposure to rain and snow, preferably under a canopy, open shed or carport. A carbon monoxide

detector would be a good investment when using any combustion engines near the home.

Use the proper power cords.

Plug individual appliances into the generator using heavy-duty, outdoor-rated cords with a wire gauge

adequate for the appliance load. Overloaded cords can cause fires or equipment damage. Don’t use

extension cords with exposed wires or worn shielding. Make sure the cords from the generator don’t

present a tripping hazard. Don’t run cords under rugs where heat might build up or cord damage may go

unnoticed.

Read and adhere to the manufacturer’s instructions for safe operation.

Don’t cut corners when it comes to safety. Carefully read and observe all instructions in your portable

electric generator’s owner manual.

To prevent electrical shock, make sure your generator is properly grounded.

Consult your manufacturer’s manual for correct grounding procedures.

Do not store fuel indoors or try to refuel a generator while it’s running.

Gasoline (and other flammable liquids) should be stored outside of living areas in properly labeled, nonglass safety containers. They should not be stored in a garage if a fuel-burning appliance is in the garage.

The vapor from gasoline can travel invisibly along the ground and be ignited by pilot lights or electric arcs

caused by turning on the lights. Avoid spilling fuel on hot components. Put out all flames or cigarettes

when handling gasoline. Always have a fully charged, approved fire extinguisher located near the

generator. Never attempt to refuel a portable generator while it’s running.

Turn off all equipment powered by the generator before shutting down your generator.

Avoid getting burned.

Many generator parts are hot enough to burn you during operation. Keep children away from portable

electric generators at all times.

1.  Avoid using battery about the power loss. If there are warnig, make your battery were charged.

It’s to reduce of effect digital or effect memory.

2.  After using battery 30 times, make the power is empty.

3.  Save the battery at air conditioner, minimum at 20 degree celcius.

4.  Avoid using/saving battery at hot temperature.

HP baru saja melaunching tiga ultra portable notebook HP baru yang aman terhadap goncangan. Ketiga ultra portable notebook baru ini adalah seri EliteBook, 2530hp, 2730hp dan 6930hp. Kerangka yang terbuat dari magnesium alloy dan melindungi komponen notebook. HP 2530 dengan berat hanya 1.45 kg, layar 12,1 inci, dengan media penyimpanan menggunakan HDD 1.8 inci atau SSD, dilengkapi dengan ODD. HP 2730 adalah sebuah tablet PC, dengan berat 1.7 kg, dengan tebal hanya 28.2mm. Sedangkan HP 2730 dengan berat 2.1 kg, daya tahan baterai 15 jam, layar 14,1 inci dengan graphic controller ATI Mobility Radeon.